Skill: Writing
Category: General English & Academic English
Level: Upper-Intermediate
Punctuation Marks: Comma, Semicolon, and Colon (Part Two)
Rule 5: Using comma to set off multiple adjectives
A comma is possibly used to separate more than one adjective in a sentence.
Ex: She is a tall, beautiful teacher.
Ex: His pretty, red and expensive car was stolen.
Rule 6: Using comma for quotation
While quoting someone else’s thoughts and ideas, a comma should be placed before direct quotation.
Ex: He said to me, “I admire your dedication for the support of your country.”
Ex: Ted replied, saying, “I will invite you once I am back from the trip.”
Rule 7: Using comma for dates, numbers and addresses
Use a comma in dates, in numbers, to set off a city from the state
Ex: January 25, 2010
Ex: Saturday, December 20, 1990
Ex: 16,000,000
Ex: Aims College is satiated in Greeley, Colorado.
Rule 8: Using comma to prevent confusion in reading
Ex: To Jay, Peter is an envious person.
Rule 9: Do not use comma to set off subject from the verb
INCORRECT: The most prominent attribute of a soccer player, is running fast.
INCORRECT: A city with knowledge citizens, is considered a prosperous one.
Rule 10: Do not use comma between two verbs
INCORRECT: She came back home, and began to clean the house.
Semicolons (;)
Rule 1:
A Semicolon can be as an alternative to a comma and a coordinating conjunction ( for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so) and it is used to separate two complete thoughts—two independent clauses.
Ex: Smith went to the kindergarten; his little sister with him.
Ex: Lily moved to England; she lived there for about 25 years.
Rule 2:
Use a semicolon before transitional words such as however, in other words, therefore, nevertheless, and use a comma after these words.
Ex: Tobby graduated from university with grade results; therefore, he received a scholarship from Harward University.
Rule 3:
A semicolon can be used between items in a series when these items themselves have a comma.
Ex: They visited Japan, Thailand, and China in winter; Germany, Spain and France in spring; and North American in fall.
Colon:
Rule 1:
Colon is used to offering a group of items.
Ex: I want these items for breakfast: cheese, toast, butter and jam.
Rule 2:
A colon can be used instead of the semicolon—between two independent clauses if the send clause is the paraphrase or illustration of the first clause.
Ex: Don’t forget the old saying: follow your dreams.
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